Ardhanarishwara Sanskrit, Ardhanrwara is a composite androgynous form of the Hindu God Shiva and his consort Parvati. Hieronder staat een alfabetische lijst van goden en godinnen. Ardhanarishvara WikipediaArdhanari redirects here. For the 2. 01. 2 film, see Ardhanaari. For the Ardhanari androgynous form of the God Vishnu, see Vaikuntha Kamalaja. Ardhanarishwara Sanskrit, Ardhanrwara is a composite androgynous form of the Hindu God Shiva and his consort Parvati also known as Devi, Shakti and Uma in this icon. Ardhanarishvara is depicted as half male and half female, split down the middle. Shiva And Dionysus Pdf' title='Shiva And Dionysus Pdf' />The right half is usually the male Shiva, illustrating his traditional attributes. The earliest Ardhanarishvara images are dated to the Kushan period, starting from the first century CE. Its iconography evolved and was perfected in the Gupta era. The Puranas and various iconographic treatises write about the mythology and iconography of Ardhanarishvara. While Ardhanarishvara remains a popular iconographic form found in most Shiva temples throughout India, very few temples are dedicated to this deity. Ardhanarishvara represents the synthesis of masculine and feminine energies of the universe Purusha and Prakriti and illustrates how Shakti, the female principle of God, is inseparable from or the same as, according to some interpretations Shiva, the male principle of God. The union of these principles is exalted as the root and womb of all creation. Another view is that Ardhanarishvara is a symbol of Shivas all pervasive nature. The name Ardhanarishvara means the Lord Who is half woman. Ardhanarishvara is also known by other names like Ardhanaranari the half man woman, Ardhanarisha the Lord who is half woman, Ardhanarinateshvara the Lord of Dance Who is half woman,12 Parangada,3 Naranari man woman, Ammiappan a Tamil Name meaning Mother Father,4 and Ardhayuvatishvara in Assam, the Lord whose half is a young woman or girl. The Gupta era writer Pushpadanta in his Mahimnastava refers to this form as dehardhaghatana Thou and She art each the half of one body. Utpala, commenting on the Brihat Samhita, calls this form Ardha gaurishvara the Lord whose half is the fair one the fair one Gauri is an attribute of Parvati. The Vishnudharmottara Purana simply calls this form Gaurishvara The Lordhusband of Gauri. Origins and early imageseditThe conception of Ardhanarishvara may have been inspired by Vedic literatures composite figure of Yama Yami,89 the Vedic descriptions of the primordial Creator Vishvarupa or Prajapati and the fire god Agni as bull who is also a cow,1. Brihadaranyaka Upanishads Atman soul in the form of the androgynous cosmic man Purusha81. Top 10 Pokemon Hack Games For Gba Ios. Greek. Hermaphroditus and Phrygian. Shiva And Dionysus Pdf' title='Shiva And Dionysus Pdf' />Agdistis. The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad says that Purusha splits himself into two parts, male and female, and the two halves copulate, producing all life a theme concurrent in Ardhanarishvaras tales. The Shvetashvatara Upanishad sows the seed of the Puranic Ardhanarishvara. It declares Rudra the antecedent of the Puranic Shiva the maker of all and the root of Purusha the male principle and Prakriti the female principle, adhering to Samkhya philosophy. It hints at his androgynous nature, describing him both as male and female. The concept of Ardhanarishvara originated in Kushan and Greek cultures simultaneously the iconography evolved in the Kushan era 3. CE, but was perfected in the Gupta era 3. CE. 1. 51. 6 A mid first century Kushan era stela in the Mathura Museum has a half male, half female image, along with three other figures identified with Vishnu, Gaja Lakshmi and Kubera. The male half is ithyphallic or with an urdhvalinga and makes an abhaya mudra gesture the female left half holds a mirror and has a rounded breast. This is the earliest representation of Ardhanarishvara, universally recognized. An early Kushan Ardhanarishvara head discovered at Rajghat is displayed at the Mathura Museum. GOVINDA.jpg' alt='Shiva And Dionysus Pdf' title='Shiva And Dionysus Pdf' />The right male half has matted hair with a skull and crescent moon the left female half has well combed hair decorated with flowers and wears a patra kundala earring. The face has a common third eye. A terracotta seal discovered in Vaishali has half man, half woman features. Early Kushan images show Ardhanarishvara in a simple two armed form, but later texts and sculptures depict a more complex iconography. Ardhanarishvara is referred to by the Greek author Stobaeus c. AD while quoting Bardasanes c. AD, who learnt from an Indian embassys visit to Syria during the reign of Elagabalus Antoninus of Emesa 2. AD. 81. 5 A terracotta androgynous bust, excavated at Taxila and dated to the Saka Parthian era, pictures a bearded man with female breasts. Ardhanarishvara is interpreted as an attempt to syncretise the two principal Hindu sects, Shaivism and Shaktism, dedicated to Shiva and the Great Goddess. A similar syncretic image is Harihara, a composite form of Shiva and Vishnu, the Supreme deity of the Vaishnava sect. Iconographyedit. A rare example of a Shakta Ardhanarishvara, where the dominant right side is female. The iconographic 1. Shilparatna, the Matsya Purana and Agamic texts like Amshumadbhedagama, Kamikagama, Supredagama and Karanagama most of them of South Indian origin describe the iconography of Ardhanarishvara. D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D0%9D.+%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+endkampfa/11588_html_4ff0e61a.jpg' alt='Shiva And Dionysus Pdf' title='Shiva And Dionysus Pdf' />We provide excellent essay writing service 247. Enjoy proficient essay writing and custom writing services provided by professional academic writers. The right superior side of the body usually is the male Shiva and the left is the female Parvati in rare depictions belonging to the Shaktism school, the feminine holds the dominant right side. The icon usually is prescribed to have four, three or two arms, but rarely is depicted with eight arms. In the case of three arms, the Parvati side has only one arm, suggesting a lesser role in the icon. Male half. The male half wears a jata mukuta a headdress formed of piled, matted hair on his head, adorned with a crescent moon. Sometimes the jata mukuta is adorned with serpents and the river goddess Ganga flowing through the hair. The right ear wears a nakra kundala, sarpa kundala serpent earring or ordinary kundala earring. Sometimes, the male eye is depicted smaller than the female one and a half moustache is also seen. A half third eye trinetra is prescribed on the male side of the forehead in the canons a full eye may also be depicted in middle of forehead separated by both the sides or a half eye may be shown above or below Parvatis round dot. A common elliptical halo prabhamandalaprabhavali may be depicted behind the head sometimes the shape of the halo may differ on either side. In the four armed form, a right hand holds a parashu axe and another makes an abhaya mudra gesture of reassurance, or one of the right arms is slightly bent and rests on the head of Shivas bull mount, Nandi, while the other is held in the abhaya mudra gesture. Another configuration suggests that a right hand holds a trishula trident and another makes a varada mudra gesture of blessing. Another scripture prescribes that a trishula and akshamala rosary are held in the two right hands. In the two armed form, the right hand holds a kapala skull cup or gestures in a varada mudra. He may also hold a skull. In the Badami relief, the four armed Ardhanarishvara plays a veena lute, using a left and a right arm, while other male arm holds a parashu and the female one a lotus. A three armed bronze Ardhanarishvara. The Shiva half has a flat masculine chest, a straight vertical chest, broader shoulder, wider waist and muscular thigh.